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The Goethean scientist’s approach is presented as a research attitude whose aim is to carefully bring together and interlink the external observation of nature on the one hand and the associated ideas and concepts on the other. At the beginning it is pointed out that in recent biology some basics and ways of thinking about the living are being… Read More

In a series of articles in the journal Lucifer-Gnosis, which were later summarized under the title »Aus der Akasha-Chronik« (»From the Akashic Chronicle«), RUDOLF STEINER, starting in 1904, made statements about earlier states of the earth and mankind, which thematically and terminologically followed the works of HELENA PETROVNA BLAVATSKYS (»… Read More

The consideration presented here begins with Rudolf Steiner's theory of the senses, which, using the example of the sense of touch, shows that the participation of the self-will must be perceived in the experience of touching, if the result of touching is to be objective. This exemplifies that the epistemological investigation of the sensorial… Read More

Based on the hypothesis that highly succulent plants in their entirety could be compared with fruits, the correlation between their special formation of shoots, flowers, thorns, fruits and leaves is investigated by means of selected cacti. Special attention is paid to the question of the nature of the stars of thorns. Finally, their… Read More

Philosophy of science has shown that research programs in the sense of paradigms are not only shaped by facts, but also by certain ways of thinking and forms of explanation, even by world views. Throughout the history of science repeatedly alternative research programs existed simultaneously for some time and competed with one another until… Read More

One classic example of Goethe's principle of compensation are the galliformes. The luxurious splendour of the males’ plumage, for example the capercaillie, golden pheasant and peacock, has to be seen in close relation to the increasingly elaborate courtship behaviour and the decreasing participation in caring for the offspring. However, it is… Read More

For the hyperbolic measure George Adams introduced the term growth measure. This name suggests that we can find the growth measure in growth processes in nature. In the present paper we show that the hyperbolic measure or growth measure can in fact be found in the distances between the knots of horsetail (Equisetum arvense). An approximation… Read More

Each year, some 50 billion migratory birds fly from their breeding grounds to their winter quarters, some of these being far away. Today, we know both the flyways taken by many types of bird and that migratory birds possess a celestial and a magnet compass. Furthermore, evidence is available to prove that any migratory bird, provided it has… Read More

Today there are descriptions of more than 20,000 species of bees worldwide. Among them is the honeybee, by far the best known of all. Whilst there has been much research and many publications on the biology of the honeybee, very little is known to date about the other wild bees. When we try to gain an overview of the variety of forms of all… Read More