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Chronobiological aspects of pain sensation

It has been known for a long time that sensation of pain shows large variations. The first systematic investigations were carried out at the beginning of the 20th century. Principally, pain intensity can be influenced by sensitivity changes of the nociceptors in peripheral tissue and by… Read More

The increase of morphological and physiological autonomy with the Volvocales

The transition to multicellularity in early evolution led to an emancipation from the environment and to an increase of organismal autonomy. As a model for this principle, the Volvocales are studied. Within the green algae a sequence from single celled forms to… Read More

The secret of candelabra algae (Characeae)

Candelabra algae (Characeae) belong to the most endangered fresh water plants. In deep lakes they need very clear water, poor in nutrients. In shallow water regular mechanical disturbances are necessary to protect their existence because Characeae are pioneering vegetation in such places. This… Read More

Clubmosses, grape-ferns and Adder’s-tongue ferns

The clubmosses (Lycopodiaceae), grape-ferns (Botrychium) and Adder’s-tongue ferns (Op/aioglossum) are rclatively rare groups of pteridophytes in the European flora. Here we help to analyze the different species in the field as well as to grasp the obvious coherence of these differences.… Read More

Concerning a conception of functional groups based on biological processes

The functional groups of classical organic chemistry prove highly suited for classification purposes when their various process potentials are taken from the living world. Such a classification harbours information which accords better with the facts; we need… Read More

The fluid organization of man, his organs and organ functions as a basis of feeling

The rhythmical organization of the human being comprises a co-operation of the fluid organism with breathing. The fluid organism is developed by a central arterial pressure system and a venous flow system open to the periphery. This represents the basis… Read More

Eurythmy aims to lead spirit into matter through movement

Eurythmy aims to manifest the threefold process of human speech in the world of matter. The dynamics (willing) of speech becomes visible as eurythmic»movement«, sonation as»feeling«, and artieulation as»character«. The three types of sound formation - vowels by sonation, nasal… Read More

The concept of causality in relation to vitalism

This hitherto unpublished part of the early work of Gerbert Grohmann (1897-1957) presents the philosophical contribution belonging to his doctoral thesis in natural sciences submitted in 1923 to the philosopher Hans Driesch (1867-1941) at the university of Leipzig, Germany.… Read More

Chronobiology is etheric research

Research on the etheric world easily leads to evasive methods: to chemically and physically controlled laboratory experiments on dead substances or to psychological formulation of the concepts. The first method tries to objectify the etheric world; the second subjectifies it. The etheric world, however… Read More