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Evolutionary Biology today

Following the initial discovery of photosynthesis and respiration of organic substance, General Biology has discovered the principle of symbiosis at all levels of the living world: in the biosphere as a whole, in the eco-organism of the landscape and in the so-called single organisms of plants and animals,… Read More

Temporal pattern in the evolution of mammals and their ancestors

The fundamental threefold shape of the vertebrates, namely head, trunk and limbs, had formed by the Upper Carboniferous period, primarily in water. After this, in the Permian and Mesozoic periods, the development of the threefolding of organs and parts of the body came… Read More

Mistletoe and the secret of its healing power

A practical method for finding the specific in a phenornenon is to look for antagonistic or polar manifestations of it. There are some immediately strik« ing antagonisms in the case of the two closely related families Viscaceae and Loranthaceae : 1. Loranthaceae tend to have lush and largcly… Read More

The mineral realm in living bone

The mineralisation of the skeleton is based on the dissolved calcium, phosphate and carbonate of body fluids and even on the water and carbon dioxide of the earth‘s hydrosphere and atmosphere. But it is also related to the mineral realm‘s crystalline calcium phosphate and carbonate, especially to apatite… Read More

An anthroposophical perspective on human cancer

In the eighties of the last century it was realised that cancer is more than just a formless mass of proliferating cells. Ian Folkman discovered that blood vessels from the apparently healthy surroundings of the tumour grow into it, without which an increase in the diameter of the tumour… Read More

Benjamin Libet and free will - How platonic is our modern picture of the human being?

In 1982 and 1983, Libet et al. published experiments on a group of healthy subjects who were required, without external cause, to make simple hand movements while simultaneous measurements were made of electrophysical activity of the brain with the… Read More

Aspects of a natural classification of plant substances according to their formative processes

The question of the classification of plant primary and secondary substances is repeatedly raised and sometimes controversial. In the work presented here this question is investigated in relation to two ways. On the one hand the physical… Read More

Goetheanism as a grounding’ of anthroposophy - The meaning of sense perception for Goetheanistic and anthroposophical methods of knowledge

Consciously conducted and controlled Goethean study takes place by the following steps, characterised approximately:

1. Perception is fully focused on the object, and carries out with it all… Read More

Miniatures on the path. Two red algae in freshwater, two swallowtail butterflies, and two amphibians in comparison

Both native freshwater red algae, Batrac/oospermum and Lemanea, have been introduced. Their morphology in space and time are compared. A report on breeding both native swallowtail butterfly species - Ipbiclides podalirius… Read More

Evolutionary morphology a typological study of the development of form

The development of the inflorescence of Digitale lutea is described in detail from the formation of the primordium on the apex to the opening of the mature inflorescence and is documented by drawings of illuminated, complete preparations of the different… Read More